In vitro and in vivo antioxidant evaluation of Guiera senegalensis methanol leaves extract

Abstract

This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effect of methanol extract of leaves of Guiera senegalensis. In vitro antioxidant assay of Guiera senegalensis was carried out using standard protocol. Acute toxicity of Guiera senegalensis using Wistar rats were investigated for adverse effect and mortality rate using Lorke method. Twenty five albino rats were apportioned into groups of five (n=5). Untreated control received 40% ethanol to induced-oxidative stress for 14 days. Normal control and graded doses at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of Guiera senegalensis extract were pretreated for 14 days. After being pre-administered with 40% ethanol given at 1 ml/kg/day to induced-oxidative stress for 14 days. Animals were sacrificed in a mild chloroform anaesthetic, and blood samples and organs were isolated for analysis. The in vitro antioxidant study showed a significant increase in the level of scavenging free radicals effect of methanol extracts on DPPH and hydroxyl free radical elicited scavenging property of the extract when compared with ascorbic acid, showed a better scavenging effect at 86.77% and 88.93%. The radical scavenging effect of ferric reducing antioxidant power, exhibited scavenging property of the extract via decreasing antioxidant power at 41%. No observable behavioral change with absent adverse effect and lethality at 10 to 5000 mg/kg of Guiera senegalensis. In vivo antioxidant study of extract indicated significant increase in SOD, catalase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) with significant decreased in MDA of antioxidant indexes in plasma, liver and kidney samples showed scavenging effect when compared with untreated control. In conclusion, Guiera senegalensis exhibited bio-protective and therapeutic benefits.